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Lewis Dot Structures Worksheet 1 of 5

Posted by Jim Clark on 4th June and posted in Tutorial

atoms

 Draw only outer electrons that fill in the A groups. Maximize the number of unpaired electrons. Examples

simple ions

 Atoms gain or lose electrons to reach a noble gas configuration. Thus, there are no dots in these structures. Examples (note that the questions and answers are the same):The dot structure of Na+1 is Na+1 . The dot structure of O-2 is O-2.

Note that Na is in group 1 and should lose 1 electron while O is in group 6 and should gain 2 electrons.

ionic compounds
  1. Make certain it’s ionic: one atom must be from groups 1-3, the other from groups 4-7 (including H). Note that later in the course you will develop somewhat better rules for establishing how ionic the bond is. MgO and CaCl2 are ionic; N2O3 and ClF are not.
  2. Determine the charges on the ions from the group in the periodic table.

    group

    1

    2

    3

    4

    5

    6

    7

    8

    charge

    +1

    +2

    +3

    -4

    -3

    -2

    -1

    0
  3. Make sure that the sum of the charges of all of the ions add up to zero.
    In Al2O3, Al, in group 3, will be +3 while O, in group 6, will be -2. SUM = 2(+3) + 3(-2) = 0.
  4. Then write the structure according to the format below.

formula

CaCl2

MgO

Mg3N2

Lewis dot structure

Ca+2 + 2 Cl-1

Mg+2 + O-2.

3 Mg+2 + 2 N-3.

practice

 atoms: N, C, Al, Mg, F, As
ions: Cs+1 , F-1 , Mg+2 , O-2 , P-3 , Si-4 , B+3
ionic compounds: MgS, Ca3P2, NaCl, Na4Si, Fr2Se, Al2O3, Na3N

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