Lewis Dot Structure Flow Chart
Posted by Jim Clark on 3rd June and posted in Tutorial
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Given the following structures to be drawn: N, Be+2 , F-1 , CaF2 , CH3CH3, CH2CH2, PO4-3, K2SO4, H3PO4 |
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1. Look for isolated atoms: [N] is an atom in group 5. Place its 5 electrons in the 4 orbitals, maximizing the number of unpaired electrons. |
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Be+2 |
2. Look for simple ions: [Be+2,F-1] :Since atoms become ions by losing or gaining electrons to achieve full rings, ions have no dots. The questions and answers are the same. |
| 3. Look for substances with no radicals: [CaF2, CH3CH3, CH2CH2] | |
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Ca+2 + 2 F-1 |
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| 4. We are left with radicals and compounds involving radicals. [PO4-3, K2SO4, H3PO4] Always draw the radicals first. Do not make O-O bonds in radicals. | |
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When drawing PO4-3, we draw the P first, attach the 4 oxygens around it (one bond is a coordinate covalent bond) and then add three additional electrons, one to each of three oxygens to account for the -3 charge. |
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When drawing the SO4 from K2SO4, we draw SO4-2, either because we know it normally has a -2 charge, or because we know it must bond ionically with K and each K must lose 1 electron to become charged +1. Thus, SO4 must be charged -2. |
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The PO4 in H3PO4, is not charged since it will bond covalently with the 3 H atoms. (See conditions for ionic and covalent bonding in part 3, above. |
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